Titanium grades chart

Mechanical properties and forms

Titanium grades compared: specified minimum properties (annealed) and forms supplied by Laube

Grade	UNS	Tensile strength	Yield strength	Elongation	Density	Forms	Typical use
Alloys
Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V	R56400	895 MPa130 ksi	828 MPa120 ksi	10%	4.43g/cm³	Bar, Sheet, Plate	Aerospace structures & fasteners, Bicycle frames & components
Grade 9 Ti-3Al-2.5V	R56320	620 MPa90 ksi	483 MPa70 ksi	15%	4.48g/cm³	Bar, Tube	Aerospace hydraulic tubing, Bicycle frames
Grade 23 Ti-6Al-4V ELI	R56407	828 MPa120 ksi	759 MPa110 ksi	10%	4.43g/cm³	Bar, Sheet, Plate	Orthopedic implants, Bone screws & plates
Commercially pure
Grade 1 Commercially Pure	R50250	240 MPa35 ksi	138 MPa20 ksi	24%	4.51g/cm³	Bar, Tube, Sheet, Plate	Chemical processing equipment, Desalination
Grade 2 Commercially Pure	R50400	345 MPa50 ksi	275 MPa40 ksi	20%	4.51g/cm³	Bar, Tube, Sheet, Plate	Heat exchangers, Marine hardware
Grade 3 Commercially Pure	R50550	450 MPa65 ksi	380 MPa55 ksi	18%	4.51g/cm³	Bar, Sheet, Plate	Airframe components, Chemical processing
Grade 4 Commercially Pure	R50700	550 MPa80 ksi	483 MPa70 ksi	15%	4.51g/cm³	Bar, Sheet, Plate	Surgical implants, Airframe components

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Chemical composition limits

Maximum weight percent unless shown as a range. A dash means the element is not listed on its own for that grade.

How the grades differ

• Commercially pure Grades 1 to 4 differ mainly in their oxygen and iron limits. Across the four grades the oxygen limit rises from 0.18% to 0.40% and the specified minimum tensile strength rises from 240 MPa (35 ksi) to 550 MPa (80 ksi).
• Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) is an alpha-beta alloy with 5.50–6.75% aluminum and 3.50–4.50% vanadium. Annealed, its specified minimum tensile strength is 895 MPa (130 ksi), the highest in this chart.
• Grade 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) is the extra-low interstitial version of Grade 5: its oxygen limit is 0.13% against 0.20% for Grade 5, and its ASTM B348 minimum tensile strength is 828 MPa (120 ksi).
• Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V) has 2.5–3.5% aluminum and 2.0–3.0% vanadium. Its specified minimum tensile strength of 620 MPa (90 ksi) sits between the commercially pure grades and Grade 5.

Standards by form

The ASTM product standard that covers each grade in each form Laube supplies it in.

Grade comparisons

• Grade 5 vs Grade 23: Ti-6Al-4V against Ti-6Al-4V ELI
• Grade 5 vs Grade 2: Ti-6Al-4V against Commercially Pure
• Grade 9 vs Grade 5: Ti-3Al-2.5V against Ti-6Al-4V

To estimate the weight of a piece in any of these grades, use the titanium weight calculator.

Sources and notes

• Values checked against ASTM B348-19 (bar), ASTM B265-11 (sheet and plate) and ASTM B338-10e1 (tube).
• Minimum properties per ASTM B348 apply to bar up to 3 in (76 mm); larger sections are by agreement.
• Minimum properties per ASTM B265 apply to plate up to 1 in (25 mm) thick; thicker plate is by agreement.
• Density is a typical value, not a specification requirement.

Reviewed by Laube, September 2026